Disorder of the stomach and bowels is one of the most fruitful sources of the diseases of infancy. Only prevent their derangement, and, all things being equal, the infant will be healthy and flourish, and need not the aid of physic or physicians.

There are many causes which may give rise to these affections; many of them appertain to the mother's system, some to that of the infant. All are capable, to a great extent, of being prevented or remedied. It is, therefore, most important that a mother should not be ignorant or misinformed upon this subject. It is the prevention of these affections, however, that will be principally dwelt upon here; for let the mother ever bear in mind, and act upon the principle, that the prevention of disease alone belongs to her; the cure to the physician. For the sake of clearness and reference, these disorders will be spoken of as they occur:

To the infant at the breast.

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The infant's stomach and bowels may become deranged from the breast-milk becoming unwholesome. This may arise from the parent getting out of health, a circumstance which will be so manifest to herself, and to those more immediately interested in her welfare, that it is only necessary just to allude to it here. Suffice it to say, that there are many causes of a general kind to which it may owe its origin; but that the most frequent is undue lactation, and the effects both upon mother and child fully dwelt upon.

Anxiety of mind in the mother will cause her milk to be unhealthy in its character, and deficient in quantity, giving rise to flatulence, griping, and sometimes even convulsions in the infant. A fit of passion in the nurse will frequently be followed by a fit of bowel complain in the child. These causes of course are temporary, and when removed the milk becomes a healthy and sufficient for the child as before.

Sudden and great mental disturbance, however, will occasionally drive away the milk altogether, and in a few hours. A Mrs. S., aet. 29, a fine healthy woman, of a blonde complexion, was confined of a boy. She had a good time, and a plentiful supply of milk for the child, which she continued to suckle till the following January, a period of three months, when her milk suddenly disappeared. This circumstance puzzled the medical attendant, for he could not trace it to any physical ailment; but the milk never returned, and a wet-nurse became necessary. In the following spring the husband of this lady failed, an adversity which had been impending since the date when the breast-milk disappeared, upon which day the deranged state of the husband's affairs was made known to the wife, a fact which at once explained the mysterious disappearance of the milk.

Unwholesome articles of diet will affect the mother's milk, and derange the infant's bowels. Once, I was called to see an infant at the breast with diarrhoea. The remedial measures had but little effect so long as the infant was allowed the breast-milk; but this being discontinued, and arrow-root made with water only allowed, the complaint was quickly put a stop to. Believing that the mother's milk was impaired from some accidental cause which might now be passed, the infant was again allowed the breast. In less than four-and-twenty hours, however, the diarrhoea returned. The mother being a very healthy woman, it was suspected that some unwholesome article in her diet might be the cause. The regimen was accordingly carefully inquired into, when it appeared that porter from a neighbouring publican's had been substituted for their own for some little time past. This proved to be bad, throwing down, when left to stand a few hours, a considerable sediment; it was discontinued; good sound ale taken instead; the infant again put to the breast, upon the milk of which it flourished, and never had another attack.

In the same way aperient medicine, taken by the mother, will act on the child's bowels, through the effect which it produces upon her milk. This, however, is not the case with all kinds of purgative medicine, nor does the same purgative produce a like effect upon all children. It is well, therefore, for a parent to notice what aperient acts thus through her system upon that of her child, and what does not, and when an aperient becomes necessary for herself, unless she desire that the infant's bowels be moved, to avoid the latter; if otherwise, she may take the former with good effect.

Again; the return of the monthly periods whilst the mother is a nurse always affects the properties of the milk, more or less, deranging the stomach and bowels of the infant. It will thus frequently happen, that a few days before the mother is going to be unwell, the infant will become fretful and uneasy; its stomach will throw up the milk, and its motions will be frequent, watery, and greenish. And then, when the period is fully over, the milk will cease to purge. It is principally in the early months, however, that the infant seems to be affected by this circumstance; for it will be generally found that although the milk is certainly impaired by it, being less abundant and nutritious, still, after the third or fourth month it ceases to affect the infant. Is then a mother, because her monthly periods return after her delivery, to give up nursing? Certainly not, unless the infant's health is seriously affected by it; for she will generally find that, as the periods come round, by keeping the infant pretty much from the breast, during its continuance, and feeding him upon artificial food, she will prevent disorder of the child's health, and be able in the intervals to nurse her infant with advantage. It must be added, however, that a wet- nurse is to be resorted to rather than any risk incurred of injuring the child's health; and that, in every case, partial feeding will be necessary at a much earlier period than when a mother is not thus affected.

The milk may also be rendered less nutritive, and diminished in quantity, by the mother again becoming pregnant. In this case, however, the parent's health will chiefly suffer, if she persevere in nursing; this, however, will again act prejudicially to the child. It will be wise, therefore, if pregnancy should occur, and the milk disagree with the infant, to resign the duties of a nurse, and to put the child upon a suitable artificial diet.

The infant that is constantly at the breast will always be suffering, more or less, from flatulence, griping, looseness of the bowels, and vomiting. This is caused by a sufficient interval not being allowed between the meals for digestion. The milk, therefore, passes on from the stomach into the bowels undigested, and the effects just alluded to follow. Time must not only be given for the proper digestion of the milk, but the stomach itself must be allowed a season of repose. This evil, then, must be avoided most carefully by the mother strictly adhering to those rules for nursing.

The bowels of the infant at the breast, as well as after it is weaned, are generally affected by teething. And it is fortunate that this is the case, for it prevents more serious affections. Indeed, the diarrhoea that occurs during dentition, except it be violent, must not be subdued; if, however, this is the case, attention must be paid to it. It will generally be found to be accompanied by a swollen gum; the freely lancing of which will sometimes alone put a stop to the looseness: further medical aid may, however, be necessary.

At the period of weaning.

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There is great susceptibility to derangements of the stomach and bowels of the child at the period when weaning ordinarily takes place, so that great care and judgment must be exercised in effecting this object. Usually, however, the bowels are deranged during this process from one of these causes; from weaning too early, from effecting it too suddenly and abruptly, or from over-feeding and the use of improper and unsuitable food. There is another cause which also may give rise to diarrhoea at this time, independently of weaning, viz. the irritation of difficult teething.

The substitution of artificial food for the breast-milk of the mother, at a period when the digestive organs of the infant are too delicate for this change, is a frequent source of the affections now under consideration.

The attempt to wean a delicate child, for instance, when only six months old, will inevitably be followed by disorder of the stomach and bowels. Unless, therefore, a mother is obliged to resort to this measure, from becoming pregnant, or any other unavoidable cause, if she consult the welfare of her child, she will not give up nursing at this early period.

Depriving the child at once of the breast, and substituting artificial food, however proper under due regulations such food may be, will invariably cause bowel complaints. Certain rules and regulations must be adopted to effect weaning safely, the details of which are given elsewhere.

If too large a quantity of food is given at each meal, or the meals are too frequently repeated, in both instances the stomach will become oppressed, wearied, and deranged; part of the food, perhaps, thrown up by vomiting, whilst the remainder, not having undergone the digestive process, will pass on into the bowels, irritate its delicate lining membrane, and produce flatulence, with griping, purging, and perhaps convulsions.

Then, again, improper and unsuitable food will be followed by precisely the same effects; and unless a judicious alteration be quickly made, remedies will not only have no influence over the disease, but the cause being continued, the disease will become most seriously aggravated.

It is, therefore, of the first importance to the well-doing of the child, that at this period, when the mother is about to substitute an artificial food for that of her own breast, she should first ascertain what kind of food suits the child best, and then the precise quantity which nature demands. Many cases might be cited, where children have never had a prescription written for them, simply because, these points having been attended to, their diet has been managed with judgment and care; whilst, on the other hand, others might be referred to, whose life has been hazarded, and all but lost, simply from injudicious dietetic management. Over-feeding, and improper articles of food, are more frequently productive, in their result, of anxious hours and distressing scenes to the parent, and of danger and loss of life to the child, than almost any other causes.

The irritation caused by difficult teething may give rise to diarrhoea at the period when the infant is weaned, independently of the weaning itself. Such disorder of the bowels, if it manifestly occur from this cause, is a favourable circumstance, and should not be interfered with, unless indeed the attack be severe and aggravated, when medical aid becomes necessary. Slight diarrhoea then, during weaning, when it is fairly traceable to the cutting of a tooth (the heated and inflamed state of the gum will at once point to this as the source of the derangement), is of no consequence, but it must not be mistaken for disorder arising from other causes. Lancing the gum will at once, then, remove the cause, and generally cure the bowel complaint.

Nicholas Tan
http://www.articlesbase.com/parenting-articles/stomach-bowel-disorders-among-infants-177759.html

Accepting this fact is easy – Its just most people are not aware of it and if you are not then giving up smoking will be much harder.

So let’s look at it in this article.

First let’s look at why people smoke.

Smoking Gives Pleasure

People smoke because it makes them feel better i.e it improves their mood, attention and concentration – It gives pleasure.

Why does smoking do this?

Nicotine which provides the addictive nature of smoking affects the brain.

It is known to switch on receptors on the surface of cells, causing neurons to release the Neuro-transmitter dopamine, a chemical that is associated with improving our mood.

It also affects other areas of the brain improving concentration and attention.

The downside of smoking

We all know that it’s one of the biggest killers in the world and causes disease and cancer.

The fact you need to know is:

It is NOT nicotine that causes disease or death, this is some of the other 4,000 odd chemicals consumed in cigarette smoking, with over 40 of them poisons i.e arsenic, carbon monoxide and ammonia.

Consider this

If Nicotine provides the addictive nature and the pleasure aspect of smoking and does not kill or cause disease, to give up or cut down all you need to do is get nicotine in pure organic form.

This will prevent nicotine cravings, which are the number 1 reason people can’t stop or cut down their smoking.

Furthermore:

Nicotine is consumed by most of us everyday and trace elements are contained in a number of common foods including:

Vegetables such as potatoes, tomatoes, bell peppers, cauliflower, eggplant, chili peppers, and even some teas.

Give up or cut down the easy way

The majority of people simply want to stop smoking cold turkey and get rid of nicotine from the body as they assume its bad for them ( as we have seen above nicotine is not )

If they accept they should get nicotine in organic form there chances of giving up are dramatically improved.

There are many Nicotine replacement products available including gum, patches inhalers and puffers and the drug Zyban.

New Products

There are also other products coming onto the market.

One of them is a new nicotine water, originally designed for smokers when they couldn’t or didn’t want to smoke – It is now being taken by non smokers simply for its health benefits.

In fact, there is intense medical research into marketing new nicotine drugs to prevent and treat a number of conditions including

Depression, obesity, attention disorders, Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease.

The major reason people can’t cut down or give up:

Is they can’t cope with nicotine cravings.

However if nicotine is medically proven in organic form not to cause disease or death and may have potential health benefits, then all you need to do is get organic nicotine outside of cigarettes.

Most people simply think that because nicotine is consumed in cigarettes it must be bad – this is a false assumption, as we have seen.

It’s like saying grapes are bad for you, because they are contained in wine and people die of alcohol poisoning!

Come to terms with the medically proven fact that nicotine is not a killer and may have potential health benefits and take it in organic form and you can cope with nicotine cravings easily.

Sacha Tarkovsky
http://www.articlesbase.com/diseases-and-conditions-articles/stop-smoking-is-easy-when-you-know-this-proven-fact-86596.html

Diabetes is a massive problem all across the world. This could be attributed to the fact that more and more people are obese and overweight. Diabetes has been linked to obesity and reducing your risk by losing weight is the first step to take. Lots of people who are diabetic don’t actually know they are. This is because the symptoms could be misconstrued as another, less serious condition.

So could you be diabetic and do you know what to look for?

One type of diabetes is called type 1. This happens when your own body stops being able to produce the amount of insulin it needs to be able to efficiently control your blood sugar levels.

The other type of diabetes is called type 2. This is when your body does in fact create insulin, but your body doesn’t use it the way it should. So, with both types of diabetes, your body cannot efficiently use the insulin to control the blood sugar levels in your body.

Both of these instances of diabetes will need medication and treatment to help control the condition. Type 1 diabetes requires insulin injections to help keep the production of insulin in control. Type 2 diabetes can, most of the time, be controlled by a good diet and plenty of good exercise. In some cases, sufferers will need to take insulin injections when they have diabetes type 2.

There isn’t anyone who is not able to get diabetes either early on or later on in life. However, some are much more likely to start suffering from diabetes if they are African-American, Asian-Americans or Hispanics. It is thought that all people of a Native American history and descent could be much more likely to start suffering from diabetes.

If you start to experience any of the following symptoms, it is worthwhile visiting a doctor to have a diabetes test. The test for diabetes is painless and quick and you will feel better knowing either way. If you become thirsty and feel thirsty all the time, this could be a sign of diabetes. This could be a sign of type 2 diabetes and if you are thirsty all the time after drinking quite a lot, visit a doctor.

If you suddenly need the toilet all the time for urination, this too could be a sign of diabetes. This could be a sign of diabetes as you are drinking much more than usual because of constantly feeling thirsty.

If you start to experience problems in your mouth such as constant bad breath, dry mouth, gum disease and other mouth problems, could be an indication of diabetes. Having problems with your vision suddenly can also be a sign of diabetes. This is usually a sign of the type 1 diabetes and you will more than likely require medication.

Marlon Dirk
http://www.articlesbase.com/medicine-articles/beginning-signs-of-diabetes-701846.html

Frank Buonanotte
http://www.articlesbase.com/alternative-medicine-articles/healing-with-manuka-honey-690418.html

Men with diabetes face much more several health concerns, that including increased risk of heart attacks and strokes and impotence (not being able to having or keep an erection though).

Above the age of 50 the likelihood of having other difficulties with an erection occurs in an approximately 50-60% of men with the problem of diabetes.  In reality  men over 70, 90% have erectile dysfunction problems so far .

Diagnosed and controlled  diabetes can be effectively managed to minimise its impact on your health and well being. You can  even prevent or delay diabetes complications those like damage to eye sight and nerve damage to the fingers and toes.  However many men do not realise  just they suffer from the disease.  Around one third of the men population with diabetes are not aware of their
illness.

Diabetes Signs and other Symptoms

If you find yourself with any of these following symptoms, it is really important  that you visit your doctor or health practitioner and get tested for diabetes problem:

â?¢  feeling tired often
â?¢  frequent urination (specially at night)
â?¢  being very thirsty most of time
â?¢  weight loss problems
â?¢  blurry eyesight problems
â?¢  recurring skin, other gum, or bladder infections
â?¢  sores that heal comparatively slowly
â?¢  dry, and itchy skin
â?¢  loss of feeling or tingling in that your feet

Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes

There are few other different kinds of diabetes:

â?¢ Type 1 diabetes is generally first diagnosed in children, teenagers, or young adults.
â?¢ Type 2 diabetes is the other most common form of diabetes. People can even develop it at any age, but it is often diagnosed in the  later life and is in much more common found in men who are over weight and do little exercise.

What is Diabetes?

Most of the food that we eat is turned into glucose (sugar) for our bodies to use for energy production . The pancreas makes insulin that  which helps sugar get right into the cells. When you have diabetes problems then your body either doesnâ??t make enough insulin or just canâ??t use the insulin it does to make. This causes sugar to build up in your blood then. Over the years  high blood sugar leads to other  problems like heart disease, stroke, blindness, kidney disease, nerve problems, gum infections, and amputations problem.

Diabetes-Related Problems in Men

Men with diabetes suffer more from some  other diabetes-related health problems than women. The American Diabetes Association reports that here:
â?¢ In people who develop diabetes before the age of 30 in context  men develop retinopathy (a vision disorder that can lead to  blindness problems ) more quickly than women in either .

â?¢ Having the major symptoms of peripheral vascular disease (pain in the thigh, calf, or buttocks during exercise) is linked to a two- to three-fold increased risk of the coronary heart disease, stroke, or cardiac failure in men with diabetes problems.
â?¢ Amputation rates from diabetes-related problems that are 1.4 to 2.7 times higher in men than women with diabetes.

dr rony
http://www.articlesbase.com/health-articles/diabetes-risk-for-men-722820.html